New technique: invoke bedrock model in multiple regions #689
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| title: Enumerate Bedrock models in multiple regions | ||
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| # Enumerate Bedrock models in multiple regions | ||
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| <span class="smallcaps w3-badge w3-blue w3-round w3-text-white" title="This attack technique can be detonated multiple times">idempotent</span> | ||
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| Platform: AWS | ||
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| ## Mappings | ||
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| - MITRE ATT&CK | ||
| - Discovery | ||
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| - Threat Technique Catalog for AWS: | ||
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| - [Resource Hijacking: Cloud Service Hijacking - Bedrock LLM Abuse](https://aws-samples.github.io/threat-technique-catalog-for-aws/Techniques/T1496.A007.html) (T1496.A007) | ||
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| ## Description | ||
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| Simulates an attacker enumerating Bedrock models in multiple regions. Attackers frequently use this enumeration technique after having compromised an access key, to use it to answer their prompts. | ||
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| <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Warm-up</span>: None. | ||
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| <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Detonation</span>: | ||
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| - Perform <code>bedrock:InvokeModel</code> with <code>MaxTokensToSample = -1</code> in several regions to check if the Bedrock model <code>anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0</code> is available for use. | ||
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| References: | ||
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| - https://permiso.io/blog/exploiting-hosted-models | ||
| - https://sysdig.com/blog/llmjacking-stolen-cloud-credentials-used-in-new-ai-attack/ | ||
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| ## Instructions | ||
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| ```bash title="Detonate with Stratus Red Team" | ||
| stratus detonate aws.discovery.bedrock-enumerate-models-multiple-regions | ||
| ``` | ||
| ## Detection | ||
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| Through CloudTrail's <code>InvokeModel</code> events. | ||
| These can be considered suspicious especially when performed by a long-lived access key, or when the calls span across multiple regions. | ||
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| package aws | ||
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| import ( | ||
| "context" | ||
| _ "embed" | ||
| "encoding/json" | ||
| "fmt" | ||
| "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws" | ||
| "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/bedrockruntime" | ||
| "github.com/datadog/stratus-red-team/v2/pkg/stratus" | ||
| "github.com/datadog/stratus-red-team/v2/pkg/stratus/mitreattack" | ||
| "log" | ||
| "strings" | ||
| ) | ||
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| const MODEL = "anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0" | ||
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| func init() { | ||
| stratus.GetRegistry().RegisterAttackTechnique(&stratus.AttackTechnique{ | ||
| ID: "aws.discovery.bedrock-enumerate-models-multiple-regions", | ||
| FriendlyName: "Enumerate Bedrock models in multiple regions", | ||
| Description: ` | ||
| Simulates an attacker enumerating Bedrock models in multiple regions. Attackers frequently use this enumeration technique after having compromised an access key, to use it to answer their prompts. | ||
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| Warm-up: None. | ||
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| Detonation: | ||
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| - Perform <code>bedrock:InvokeModel</code> with <code>MaxTokensToSample = -1</code> in several regions to check if the Bedrock model <code>` + MODEL + `</code> is available for use. | ||
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| References: | ||
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| - https://permiso.io/blog/exploiting-hosted-models | ||
| - https://sysdig.com/blog/llmjacking-stolen-cloud-credentials-used-in-new-ai-attack/ | ||
| `, | ||
| Detection: ` | ||
| Through CloudTrail's <code>InvokeModel</code> events. | ||
| These can be considered suspicious especially when performed by a long-lived access key, or when the calls span across multiple regions. | ||
| `, | ||
| Platform: stratus.AWS, | ||
| IsIdempotent: true, | ||
| MitreAttackTactics: []mitreattack.Tactic{mitreattack.Discovery}, | ||
|
Contributor
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| FrameworkMappings: []stratus.FrameworkMappings{ | ||
| { | ||
| Framework: stratus.ThreatTechniqueCatalogAWS, | ||
| Techniques: []stratus.TechniqueMapping{ | ||
| { | ||
| Name: "Resource Hijacking: Cloud Service Hijacking - Bedrock LLM Abuse", | ||
| ID: "T1496.A007", | ||
| URL: "https://aws-samples.github.io/threat-technique-catalog-for-aws/Techniques/T1496.A007.html", | ||
| }, | ||
| }, | ||
| }, | ||
| }, | ||
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| Detonate: detonate, | ||
| }) | ||
| } | ||
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| type minimalPromptBody struct { | ||
| Prompt string `json:"prompt"` | ||
| MaxTokensToSample int `json:"max_tokens_to_sample"` | ||
| } | ||
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| func detonate(_ map[string]string, providers stratus.CloudProviders) error { | ||
| awsConnection := providers.AWS().GetConnection() | ||
| regions := []string{"us-east-1", "us-west-2", "eu-west-2", "eu-west-3", "ap-northeast-2", "ap-southeast-2"} | ||
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| log.Printf("Attempting to invoke Bedrock model %s in regions: %v", MODEL, regions) | ||
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| requestBody := minimalPromptBody{ | ||
| Prompt: "", | ||
| MaxTokensToSample: -1, | ||
| } | ||
| bodyBytes, err := json.Marshal(requestBody) | ||
| if err != nil { | ||
| return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal request body: %w", err) | ||
| } | ||
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| for _, region := range regions { | ||
| regionalConfig := awsConnection.Copy() | ||
| regionalConfig.Region = region | ||
| bedrockClient := bedrockruntime.NewFromConfig(regionalConfig) | ||
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| params := &bedrockruntime.InvokeModelInput{ | ||
| ModelId: aws.String(MODEL), | ||
| Body: bodyBytes, | ||
| ContentType: aws.String("application/json"), | ||
| Accept: aws.String("*/*"), | ||
| } | ||
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| _, invokeErr := bedrockClient.InvokeModel(context.Background(), params) | ||
| if invokeErr == nil { | ||
| return fmt.Errorf("expected an error when invoking model %s in %s, but got none", MODEL, region) | ||
| } | ||
| if strings.Contains(invokeErr.Error(), "AccessDeniedException") { | ||
| log.Printf("%s: Got an AccessDeniedException indicating that the model isn't available or the current user doesn't have permissions to invoke models", region) | ||
| } else if strings.Contains(invokeErr.Error(), "ValidationException") && strings.Contains(invokeErr.Error(), "StatusCode: 400") { | ||
| log.Printf("%s: Got a ValidationException indicating that the model isn't available in this region", region) | ||
| } else { | ||
| return fmt.Errorf("failed to invoke model %s in %s with an unexpected error: %w", MODEL, region, invokeErr) | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
| return nil | ||
| } | ||
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