diff --git a/.changeset/fix-keyboard-layout-code-fallback.md b/.changeset/fix-keyboard-layout-code-fallback.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfd4dc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/fix-keyboard-layout-code-fallback.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+'@tanstack/hotkeys': patch
+---
+
+fix: respect keyboard layout in event.code fallback for non-QWERTY layouts
+
+The `matchesKeyboardEvent` function's `event.code` fallback now only activates when `event.key` is not a standard ASCII letter. Previously, the fallback would match based on physical key position even when `event.key` was a valid letter from a non-QWERTY layout (Dvorak, Colemak, AZERTY, etc.), causing hotkeys to trigger on wrong key presses.
diff --git a/docs/reference/functions/createHotkeyHandler.md b/docs/reference/functions/createHotkeyHandler.md
index cd830e6..eed0295 100644
--- a/docs/reference/functions/createHotkeyHandler.md
+++ b/docs/reference/functions/createHotkeyHandler.md
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ function createHotkeyHandler(
    options): (event) => void;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [match.ts:128](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L128)
+Defined in: [match.ts:142](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L142)
 
 Creates a keyboard event handler that calls the callback when the hotkey matches.
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/functions/createMultiHotkeyHandler.md b/docs/reference/functions/createMultiHotkeyHandler.md
index 1e82b5b..de4e18a 100644
--- a/docs/reference/functions/createMultiHotkeyHandler.md
+++ b/docs/reference/functions/createMultiHotkeyHandler.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ title: createMultiHotkeyHandler
 function createMultiHotkeyHandler(handlers, options): (event) => void;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [match.ts:179](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L179)
+Defined in: [match.ts:193](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L193)
 
 Creates a handler that matches multiple hotkeys.
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/functions/isSingleLetterKey.md b/docs/reference/functions/isSingleLetterKey.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21fc891
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/reference/functions/isSingleLetterKey.md
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+id: isSingleLetterKey
+title: isSingleLetterKey
+---
+
+# Function: isSingleLetterKey()
+
+```ts
+function isSingleLetterKey(key): boolean;
+```
+
+Defined in: [constants.ts:422](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L422)
+
+Normalizes a key name to its canonical form.
+
+Converts various key name formats (aliases, case variations) into the standard
+canonical names used throughout the library. This enables a more forgiving API
+where users can write keys in different ways and still get correct behavior.
+
+Normalization rules:
+1. Check aliases first (e.g., 'Esc' → 'Escape', 'Del' → 'Delete')
+2. Single letters → uppercase (e.g., 'a' → 'A', 's' → 'S')
+3. Function keys → uppercase (e.g., 'f1' → 'F1', 'F12' → 'F12')
+4. Other keys → returned as-is (already canonical or unknown)
+
+## Parameters
+
+### key
+
+`string`
+
+The key name to normalize (can be an alias, lowercase, etc.)
+
+## Returns
+
+`boolean`
+
+The canonical key name
+
+## Example
+
+```ts
+normalizeKeyName('esc') // 'Escape'
+normalizeKeyName('a') // 'A'
+normalizeKeyName('f1') // 'F1'
+normalizeKeyName('ArrowUp') // 'ArrowUp' (already canonical)
+```
diff --git a/docs/reference/functions/matchesKeyboardEvent.md b/docs/reference/functions/matchesKeyboardEvent.md
index c5cefed..83cbb62 100644
--- a/docs/reference/functions/matchesKeyboardEvent.md
+++ b/docs/reference/functions/matchesKeyboardEvent.md
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ function matchesKeyboardEvent(
    platform): boolean;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [match.ts:37](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L37)
+Defined in: [match.ts:41](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L41)
 
 Checks if a KeyboardEvent matches a hotkey.
 
 Uses the `key` property from KeyboardEvent for matching, with a fallback to `code`
-for letter keys (A-Z) and digit keys (0-9) when `key` produces special characters
+for letter keys and digit keys (0-9) when `key` produces special characters
 (e.g., macOS Option+letter or Shift+number). Letter keys are matched case-insensitively.
 
 Also handles "dead key" events where `event.key` is `'Dead'` instead of the expected
diff --git a/docs/reference/functions/normalizeKeyName.md b/docs/reference/functions/normalizeKeyName.md
index d561d46..5b2f759 100644
--- a/docs/reference/functions/normalizeKeyName.md
+++ b/docs/reference/functions/normalizeKeyName.md
@@ -9,19 +9,7 @@ title: normalizeKeyName
 function normalizeKeyName(key): string;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [constants.ts:422](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L422)
-
-Normalizes a key name to its canonical form.
-
-Converts various key name formats (aliases, case variations) into the standard
-canonical names used throughout the library. This enables a more forgiving API
-where users can write keys in different ways and still get correct behavior.
-
-Normalization rules:
-1. Check aliases first (e.g., 'Esc' → 'Escape', 'Del' → 'Delete')
-2. Single letters → uppercase (e.g., 'a' → 'A', 's' → 'S')
-3. Function keys → uppercase (e.g., 'f1' → 'F1', 'F12' → 'F12')
-4. Other keys → returned as-is (already canonical or unknown)
+Defined in: [constants.ts:426](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L426)
 
 ## Parameters
 
@@ -29,19 +17,6 @@ Normalization rules:
 
 `string`
 
-The key name to normalize (can be an alias, lowercase, etc.)
-
 ## Returns
 
 `string`
-
-The canonical key name
-
-## Example
-
-```ts
-normalizeKeyName('esc') // 'Escape'
-normalizeKeyName('a') // 'A'
-normalizeKeyName('f1') // 'F1'
-normalizeKeyName('ArrowUp') // 'ArrowUp' (already canonical)
-```
diff --git a/docs/reference/index.md b/docs/reference/index.md
index 32a5c07..de67c76 100644
--- a/docs/reference/index.md
+++ b/docs/reference/index.md
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ title: "@tanstack/hotkeys"
 - [hasNonModifierKey](functions/hasNonModifierKey.md)
 - [isModifier](functions/isModifier.md)
 - [isModifierKey](functions/isModifierKey.md)
+- [isSingleLetterKey](functions/isSingleLetterKey.md)
 - [keyboardEventToHotkey](functions/keyboardEventToHotkey.md)
 - [matchesKeyboardEvent](functions/matchesKeyboardEvent.md)
 - [normalizeHotkey](functions/normalizeHotkey.md)
diff --git a/docs/reference/interfaces/CreateHotkeyHandlerOptions.md b/docs/reference/interfaces/CreateHotkeyHandlerOptions.md
index daf1339..70e0c1d 100644
--- a/docs/reference/interfaces/CreateHotkeyHandlerOptions.md
+++ b/docs/reference/interfaces/CreateHotkeyHandlerOptions.md
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ title: CreateHotkeyHandlerOptions
 
 # Interface: CreateHotkeyHandlerOptions
 
-Defined in: [match.ts:101](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L101)
+Defined in: [match.ts:115](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L115)
 
 Options for creating a hotkey handler.
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Options for creating a hotkey handler.
 optional platform: "mac" | "windows" | "linux";
 ```
 
-Defined in: [match.ts:107](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L107)
+Defined in: [match.ts:121](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L121)
 
 The target platform for resolving 'Mod'
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ The target platform for resolving 'Mod'
 optional preventDefault: boolean;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [match.ts:103](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L103)
+Defined in: [match.ts:117](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L117)
 
 Prevent the default browser action when the hotkey matches. Defaults to true
 
@@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ Prevent the default browser action when the hotkey matches. Defaults to true
 optional stopPropagation: boolean;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [match.ts:105](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L105)
+Defined in: [match.ts:119](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts#L119)
 
 Stop event propagation when the hotkey matches. Defaults to true
diff --git a/docs/reference/variables/KEY_DISPLAY_SYMBOLS.md b/docs/reference/variables/KEY_DISPLAY_SYMBOLS.md
index 73ac054..656e808 100644
--- a/docs/reference/variables/KEY_DISPLAY_SYMBOLS.md
+++ b/docs/reference/variables/KEY_DISPLAY_SYMBOLS.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ title: KEY_DISPLAY_SYMBOLS
 const KEY_DISPLAY_SYMBOLS: Record<string, string>;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [constants.ts:505](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L505)
+Defined in: [constants.ts:509](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L509)
 
 Special key symbols for display formatting.
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/variables/MAC_MODIFIER_SYMBOLS.md b/docs/reference/variables/MAC_MODIFIER_SYMBOLS.md
index 472c857..f15731a 100644
--- a/docs/reference/variables/MAC_MODIFIER_SYMBOLS.md
+++ b/docs/reference/variables/MAC_MODIFIER_SYMBOLS.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ title: MAC_MODIFIER_SYMBOLS
 const MAC_MODIFIER_SYMBOLS: Record<CanonicalModifier, string>;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [constants.ts:461](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L461)
+Defined in: [constants.ts:465](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L465)
 
 Modifier key symbols for macOS display.
 
diff --git a/docs/reference/variables/STANDARD_MODIFIER_LABELS.md b/docs/reference/variables/STANDARD_MODIFIER_LABELS.md
index a6c1303..7191e17 100644
--- a/docs/reference/variables/STANDARD_MODIFIER_LABELS.md
+++ b/docs/reference/variables/STANDARD_MODIFIER_LABELS.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ title: STANDARD_MODIFIER_LABELS
 const STANDARD_MODIFIER_LABELS: Record<CanonicalModifier, string>;
 ```
 
-Defined in: [constants.ts:483](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L483)
+Defined in: [constants.ts:487](https://github.com/TanStack/hotkeys/blob/main/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts#L487)
 
 Modifier key labels for Windows/Linux display.
 
diff --git a/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts b/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts
index ae6631d..f7cb37c 100644
--- a/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts
+++ b/packages/hotkeys/src/constants.ts
@@ -419,6 +419,10 @@ const KEY_ALIASES: Record<string, string> = {
  * normalizeKeyName('ArrowUp') // 'ArrowUp' (already canonical)
  * ```
  */
+export function isSingleLetterKey(key: string): boolean {
+  return /^\p{Letter}$/u.test(key)
+}
+
 export function normalizeKeyName(key: string): string {
   // Check aliases first
   if (key in KEY_ALIASES) {
@@ -426,7 +430,7 @@ export function normalizeKeyName(key: string): string {
   }
 
   // Check if it's a single letter (normalize to uppercase)
-  if (key.length === 1 && /^[a-zA-Z]$/.test(key)) {
+  if (isSingleLetterKey(key)) {
     return key.toUpperCase()
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts b/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts
index aa7f6cf..6a8e0de 100644
--- a/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts
+++ b/packages/hotkeys/src/match.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-import { detectPlatform, normalizeKeyName } from './constants'
+import {
+  detectPlatform,
+  isSingleLetterKey,
+  normalizeKeyName,
+} from './constants'
 import { parseHotkey } from './parse'
 import type {
   Hotkey,
@@ -11,7 +15,7 @@ import type {
  * Checks if a KeyboardEvent matches a hotkey.
  *
  * Uses the `key` property from KeyboardEvent for matching, with a fallback to `code`
- * for letter keys (A-Z) and digit keys (0-9) when `key` produces special characters
+ * for letter keys and digit keys (0-9) when `key` produces special characters
  * (e.g., macOS Option+letter or Shift+number). Letter keys are matched case-insensitively.
  *
  * Also handles "dead key" events where `event.key` is `'Dead'` instead of the expected
@@ -65,9 +69,19 @@ export function matchesKeyboardEvent(
     if (eventKey.toUpperCase() === hotkeyKey.toUpperCase()) {
       return true
     }
+
+    // If event.key is already a letter, trust the keyboard layout.
+    // Do NOT fall through to the event.code fallback, which matches based on
+    // physical key position and would break non-QWERTY layouts (Dvorak, Colemak,
+    // AZERTY, etc.). The code fallback is only needed when event.key produces a
+    // non-letter character (e.g., '†' from Option+T on macOS).
+    if (isSingleLetterKey(eventKey)) {
+      return false
+    }
   }
 
-  // Fallback to event.code for dead keys or single-char mismatches.
+  // Fallback to event.code for dead keys or single-char mismatches where
+  // event.key is a non-letter special character.
   // Dead keys: Option+letter on macOS, international layouts produce event.key === 'Dead'
   // Single-char mismatches: Cmd+Option+T gives '†' instead of 'T', Shift+4 gives '$'
   if (
diff --git a/packages/hotkeys/tests/match.test.ts b/packages/hotkeys/tests/match.test.ts
index 7b33281..19a9a99 100644
--- a/packages/hotkeys/tests/match.test.ts
+++ b/packages/hotkeys/tests/match.test.ts
@@ -265,6 +265,78 @@ describe('matchesKeyboardEvent', () => {
     })
   })
 
+  describe('non-QWERTY keyboard layout handling', () => {
+    it('should NOT match Mod+B when Dvorak layout produces event.key="x" on physical B key', () => {
+      // Dvorak: physical B position produces 'x'. With macOS "Use keyboard layout
+      // for shortcuts" enabled, Cmd+physical-B gives event.key='x', event.code='KeyB'.
+      // The library should trust event.key ('x') and NOT fall back to event.code ('KeyB').
+      const event = createKeyboardEvent('x', {
+        metaKey: true,
+        code: 'KeyB',
+      })
+      expect(matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Mod+B', 'mac')).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('should match Mod+X when Dvorak layout produces event.key="x" on physical B key', () => {
+      // Same physical key press as above, but hotkey is Mod+X which matches event.key
+      const event = createKeyboardEvent('x', {
+        metaKey: true,
+        code: 'KeyB',
+      })
+      expect(matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Mod+X', 'mac')).toBe(true)
+    })
+
+    it('should NOT match Mod+A when Colemak layout produces event.key="r" on physical A-row key', () => {
+      // Colemak: event.key reflects the layout, event.code reflects physical position
+      const event = createKeyboardEvent('r', {
+        metaKey: true,
+        code: 'KeyS',
+      })
+      expect(matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Mod+S', 'mac')).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('should NOT match Mod+Q when AZERTY layout produces event.key="a" on physical Q key', () => {
+      // AZERTY: physical Q position produces 'a'
+      const event = createKeyboardEvent('a', {
+        ctrlKey: true,
+        code: 'KeyQ',
+      })
+      expect(matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Control+Q', 'windows')).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('should still fall back to event.code when event.key is a non-letter character', () => {
+      // Option+T on macOS producing '†' should still fall back to event.code
+      const event = createKeyboardEvent('†', {
+        altKey: true,
+        metaKey: true,
+        code: 'KeyT',
+      })
+      expect(matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Mod+Alt+T', 'mac')).toBe(true)
+    })
+
+    it('should NOT match Control+A when a non-ASCII letter comes from a different physical key', () => {
+      // Russian layout: event.key reflects the logical key, event.code the physical one.
+      const event = createKeyboardEvent('ф', {
+        ctrlKey: true,
+        code: 'KeyA',
+      })
+      expect(matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Control+A', 'windows')).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('should match a non-ASCII hotkey string case-insensitively', () => {
+      const event = createKeyboardEvent('ф', {
+        ctrlKey: true,
+        code: 'KeyA',
+      })
+      expect(
+        matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Control+ф' as Hotkey, 'windows'),
+      ).toBe(true)
+      expect(
+        matchesKeyboardEvent(event, 'Control+Ф' as Hotkey, 'windows'),
+      ).toBe(true)
+    })
+  })
+
   describe('dead key fallback (macOS Option+letter)', () => {
     it('should match Alt+E when event.key is Dead (macOS dead key for accent)', () => {
       const event = createKeyboardEvent('Dead', {