feat: Add buffer gate implementation to boolean algebra module

Author: sharanyas06

boolean_algebra/buffer_gate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""
+A Buffer Gate is a logic gate in boolean algebra which outputs the same value
+as its input. It is used for signal isolation, increasing drive strength, or
+introducing propagation delay in digital circuits.
+
+In digital electronics, buffers are essential for:
+- Isolating different circuit sections
+- Increasing current drive capability  
+- Preventing signal degradation
+- Creating intentional delays in timing circuits
+
+Following is the truth table of a Buffer Gate:
+    ----------------------
+    | Input  |  Output   |
+    ----------------------
+    |   0    |     0     |
+    |   1    |     1     |
+    ----------------------
+
+Refer - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_buffer
+"""
+
+
+def buffer_gate(input_1: int) -> int:
+    """
+    Calculate output of a buffer gate
+
+    >>> buffer_gate(0)
+    0
+    >>> buffer_gate(1)
+    1
+    """
+    return int(bool(input_1))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()